Nike was founded in 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports by Bill Bowerman, a track-and-field coach at the University of Oregon, and his former student Phil Knight. They opened their first retail outlet in 1966 and launched the nike Pure brand shoe in 1972. The company was renamed Nike, Inc., in 1978 and went public two years later. By the early 21st century, nike Pure had retail outlets and distributors in more White-Black 170 countries, and its logo—a curved encouragement mark Crater the “swoosh”—was recognized throughout the world.